Acetamide CH3CONH2 kiimiko adag

Faahfaahinta alaabta

Acetamide waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan acetylmethide. Qaabka kiimikaadkeedu waa CH3CONH2. Habka ugu muhiimsan ee synthesizing acetamide waa fuuqbaxa acetic acid iyo ammonia. Waxa kale oo lagu heli karaa ka falcelinta acetyl chloride, acetic anhydride ama ethyl acetate leh ammonia.

Xarunta la sameeyay iyadoo lagu bedelay kooxda hydroxyl ee acetic acid oo leh koox amino ah. Qaaciddada molecular: CH3CONH2. crystal aan midab lahayn. Barta dhalaalka: 82.3 ℃, barta karkarinta: 221.2℃, cufnaanta qaraabo: 0.9986 (85/4℃). Ku milmay biyaha iyo ethanol. Acetylamine saafi ah ma laha ur, halka acetylamine ganacsigu leeyahay ur aan fiicnayn, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay joogitaanka qadar yar oo wasakh ah. Waxay leedahay sifooyinka guud ee amides. Warshadaha ahaan, acetylamine waxaa lagu diyaariyaa kulaylinta ammonium acetate at 150-200 ℃ si ay u lumiso biyaha. Waxaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa sida dareere ah walxaha organic iyo inorganic. Waxay leedahay alkalinity daciif ah waxaana loo isticmaali karaa sidii aashitada-dhexdhexaadiye ee varnishes, walxaha qarxa iyo waxyaabaha la isku qurxiyo. Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa sida wakiilka qoynta ee midabaynta, caagadeeyaha balaastikada, iyo alaabta ceeriin ee soo saarida daawooyinka iyo fungicides. N-haloacetylamines oo ay samaysay koloriination ama bromination of acetylamine waa halogenating reagents ee isku-dhafka organic.

Codsiga alaabta

Acetamide (CH₃CONH₂), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano acetic amide, waa unug dabiici ah oo muhiim ah waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa meelo kala duwan. Kuwa soo socdaa waa kala soocitaan tafatiran ee meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee codsiga:

1. Goobta Dawaynta: Wakiilka sunta sunta ah ee fluoroacetamide, waxay si tartan ah ugu xidhaa amidease, iyada oo ka ilaalinaysa inay u beddesho fluoroacetic acid sun ah, taas oo yaraynaysa calaamadaha sumowga fluorine organic.

2. Warshadaha Kiimikada: Walxaha isku-dhafka Organic, Joogtada dielectric sare, awood u leh inay kala diraan xeryahooda organic iyo kuwa aan organic ahayn, fududaynta horumarka falcelinta.

   Waxyaalaha lagu daro caagagga, oo loo isticmaalo sidii balaastiijiyeyaasha iyo xasiliyayaasha, waxay hagaajiyaan dabacsanaanta iyo caabbinta kulaylka caagadaha.

3. Beerta beeraha: Qalabka cayriin ee sunta cayayaanka, loo isticmaalo in lagu diyaariyo cayayaanka iyo herbicides qaarkood, siinta kooxaha acetyl si ay uga qayb qaataan falcelinta.

Xaaladda kaydinta

Acetamide waa in lagu kaydiyaa meel qabow, qalalan, oo hawo fiican leh, laga xidhay oo laga ilaaliyo iftiinka. Waa in laga fogeeyaa ololka furan, kulaylka sareeyo iyo walxaha oksaydhiyaha ah, oo lagu kaydiyaa si gooni ah alaabta ceeriin ee cuntada.

1. Xaaladaha deegaanka: heerkulka kaydinta waa in lagu xakameeyaa ka hooseeya 30 ℃, oo leh qoyaan qaraabo ah oo aan ka badnayn 75% ama 80% (kala duwanaansho ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka dhex jiraan ilo kala duwan), hubinta jawi qalalan si looga hortago nuugida qoyaanka.

2. Habka baakadaha: Sida caadiga ah, waxaa loo baakadeeyay si xiran (sida durbaan kartoonada ah ama durbaan bir ah oo leh boorso polyetylen ah oo laba-lakab ah oo gudaha ah), si looga hortago burburka iyo daadinta. Baakadaha caadiga ah waa 25kg halkii durbaan, laakiin baakado yaryar ayaa sidoo kale la bixin karaa marka la codsado.

3. Shuruudaha go'doominta: Waa in laga fogeeyaa ololka furan, ilaha heerkulka sare leh, iyo oksaydhiyeyaasha, oo lagu kaydiyaa si gooni ah alaabta ceeriin ee cuntada si looga fogaado xiriir toos ah oo lala yeesho walxaha aan iswaafajin karin.

4. Kaydinta khaaska ah: Qaar ka mid ah nadiifinta sare ama reagent acetamide waxay u baahan yihiin in lagu kaydiyo heerkul hoose (sida 0-10 ℃ ama -20 ℃), iyo heerkulka gaarka ah waa in lagu hagaajiyaa si waafaqsan sheyga.

5. Wax ka qabashada iyo isku dhufashada: Inta lagu jiro wax ka qabashada, noqo mid dabacsan oo ka fogow gariir ama isku dhac rabshado wata; marka la isku dhufto, ka tag meel bannaan oo ku habboon inta u dhaxaysa xidhmooyinka iyo xidhmooyinka iyo darbiyada si aad u hubiso hawo.