Polarity Sare Dimethylformamide (DMF)

Faahfaahinta alaabta

Dimethylformamide (DMF) waa unug dabiici ah oo leh qaacidada kiimikada C3H7NO. Waa dareere aan midab lahayn oo hufan. Waa mid aan la dafiri karin biyo waxaana lagu qasi karaa inta badan dareerayaasha organic. Waa dareere caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo falcelinta kiimikaad waana labadaba walxo kiimiko ah oo si weyn loo isticmaalo iyo dareere aad u fiican oo leh codsiyo ballaadhan. Dimethylformamide saafi ah waxay leedahay ur gaar ah, halka heerka warshadaha ama dimethylformamide xumaaday uu leeyahay ur kalluun, maadaama ay ku jirto wasakh dimethylamine ah. Magaca waxaa laga soo qaatay xaqiiqda ah in ay tahay sheyga beddelka dimethyl ee foramide (ammonium formate), iyo labada kooxood ee methyl waxay ku yaalaan atamka N (nitrogen). Dimethylformamide waa karkarin sarreeya, polar (hydrophilic) dareere aan faa'iido lahayn oo kor u qaadi kara habka falcelinta SN2. Dimethylformamide waxaa lagu soo saaraa iyada oo ka falcelineysa qaabka methanol ee leh dimethylamine. Dimethylformamide waa mid aan xasilloonayn marka ay joogaan saldhigyo xooggan sida sodium hydroxide ama acids xooggan sida hydrochloric acid ama sulfuric acid (gaar ahaan heerkulka sare), iyo hydrolyzes galay formic acid iyo dimethylamine.

Codsiga alaabta

Dimethylformamide (DMF) waxaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa sababtoo ah sifo ay u tahay sida "qalal caalami ah", kaas oo milmi kara noocyo kala duwan oo walxo organic iyo inorganic iyo waa miscible biyo, khamriga, ethers, iwm.

1. Sayniska kiimikada iyo maadada: Sida dareeraha falcelinta polymer, waxaa loo adeegsadaa habka wareega ee fiilooyinka waxqabadka sare leh sida polyacrylonitrile iyo polyurethane, iyo sidoo kale isku dhafka walxaha aramid; Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa soo saarista udugga, ka soocidda butadiene ee kaarboon afar jajab, iwm.

2. Daawada iyo daryeelka caafimaadka: Dhexdhexaadiyaha synthetic, waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa soo saarista daawooyinka sida doxycycline, cortisone, vitamin B6, iyo daawooyinka sulfonamide; Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa sida dareere loogu talagalay crystallization daroogada, xabagta, iwm.

3. Warshadaha sunta cayayaanka: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista sunta cayayaanka ee aad waxtar u leh iyo kuwa hooseeya.

4. In warshadaha elektarooniga ah: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida wakiilka demi ee qaybaha daasadaha-plated iyo wakiilka nadiifinta ee loox wareegyada, iyo sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa sida wajiga mobile ee chromatography dareere ah.

5. Wershadaha dheeha: Waxa loo isticmaalaa sida dareere dheeha lagu milo iyo soo saarista midabada.

6. Goobta cilmi-baarista: Sida dareeraha polar-ka ee non-polar, waxaa loo isticmaalaa fal-celinta isku-dhafka dabiiciga ah, sida fal-celinta SN2, si kor loogu qaado fal-celinta ionic; Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa sidii soosaar iyo weji joogto ah ee falanqaynta chromatography ee dareeraha gaaska.

Xaaladda kaydinta

Dimethylformamide (DMF) waa in lagu kaydiyaa bakhaar qabow oo hawo fiican leh. Heerkulka bakhaarku waa inuusan dhaafin 37 ℃. Waa in laga fogaadaa ilaha dabka iyo meelaha kulaylka, oo lagu kaydiyo si gooni ah oksidaant-yada, wax-yareeya wakiilada, halogens, iwm.

1. Xakamaynta deegaanka: Aagga kaydinta waa in ay ahaataa mid qabow oo hawo wanaagsan leh, iyada oo heerkulku ka hooseeyo 37 ℃. Iska ilaali heerkulka sare ee sababi kara burburka ama ururinta uumiga. Ka fogow ilaha dabka iyo meelaha kulaylka si aad uga hortagto khatarta dabka ee uu dhaliyo ololka.

2. Maareynta weelka: Hayso weelasha si aad uga hortagto daadinta uumiga ama falcelinta hawada. Si joogto ah u baadh hufnaanta weelasha si aad uga fogaato waxyeelo horseedda daadinta.

3. Kaydinta go'doominta: Waa in lagu kaydiyaa si adag oo ka soocday oksaydhiyeyaasha (sida sulfuric acid, fuming nitric acid), hoos u dhigista wakiilada, halogens (sida carbon tetrachloride), acids, iyo alkalis. Ka fogow kaydinta isku dhafan si aad uga hortagto falcelinta daran ama khatarta qaraxa.

4. Goobaha badbaadada: Isticmaal nalalka aan qarxin iyo tas-hiilaadka hawo-siinta. Ha isticmaalin qalabka farsamada iyo qalabka laga yaabo inay soo saaraan dhimbiil. Aagga kaydinta waa in lagu qalabeeyaa qalabka wax ka qabashada xaaladaha degdegga ah ee daadinta (sida walxaha adsorption, foam antisolvent) iyo agabka xakamaynta ku habboon si wax looga qabto daadinta shilalka.

5. Shuruudaha baakadaha: Isticmaal baakadaha buuxiya heerarka walxaha khatarta ah (sida baakadaha heerka III) inta lagu jiro gaadiidka iyo kaydinta. Hubi in weelashu ay xasiloon yihiin si looga hortago isku dhacyada ama daadinta inta lagu jiro gaadiidka.